Real-World Treatment Patterns and Progression-Free Survival Associated with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapies for ALK+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Median rwPFS in patients with advanced ALK+ NSCLC was < 8 months for first‐ and second‐line ALK TKI therapy and was even shorter in patients with brain metastasis, highlighting the need for more effective treatments in this patient population. Results presented herein describe real‐world treatment of advanced ALK+ NSCLC with ALK TKI therapies from January 2011 through June 2018. Crizotinib was the most commonly prescribed first‐line ALK TKI therapy in this patient population, but the majority of data analyzed were obtained prior to Food and Drug Administration approval of alectinib and ceritinib in the first‐line ALK TKI setting. Physicians should monitor patients closely to help identify when a change in treatment should occur. READ ARTICLE

The Oncologist DOI:10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0011

Authors: Mohammad Jahanzeb, Huamao M. Lin, Xiaoyun Pan, Yu Yin, Yanyu Wu, Beth Nordstrom, and Mark A. Socinski

The Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Different Age Patients with Lung Cancer

Cancer is closely related to age, and the incidence of cancer increases with age. However, there are few studies on the relationship between age and clinical characteristics of lung cancer. We collected all the consecutive lung cancer cases from 2012 to 2017 in our hospital and divided them into 6 groups according to their ages: ≤ 40 y/o, 41∼ 50 y/o, 51∼ 60 y/o, 61∼ 70 y/o, 71∼ 80 y/o and > 80 y/o. There were more non-smokers (p< 0.01), stage IV (p< 0.01) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion (p< 0.01) patients but less stage I patients in ≤ 40 y/o group compared with other age groups. It seemed that older patients were more likely had co-exist driver gene mutations (p=0.04). There are some differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis among different age groups. The reasons behind the phenomenon are largely unclear. The age should be taken into account when we develop clinical trials...... READ ARTICLE

Cancer Management and Research DOI:10.2147/CMAR.S240318

Authors: Chen X, Han X, Zhou H, Liang Y, Huang Z, Li S, Lin Y, Huang X, Wu J, Su W, Lai Z and Yang Z

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithSeptember 14, 2020age, lung cancer, clinical characteristics, clinical trials

Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations of the urinary bladder are neoplasms characterized by recurrent FN1–ALK fusions

Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation is a descriptive term that designates a group of clinically indolent genitourinary lesions that most commonly arise in the urinary bladder. Given that pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation may show morphologic overlap with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, the relationship, if any, between the two entities has been unclear. Moreover, pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations are known to be positive for ALK immunohistochemistry in a subset of cases, although an inconsistent association with ALK rearrangement (ranging from 0 to 60%) has been reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of ALK rearrangement and to identify fusion partners using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and targeted RNA sequencing studies in a contemporary series of 30 pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations of the urinary bladder, as well as to investigate ROS1 status by immunohistochemistry. ALK immunoh..... READ ARTICLE

Modern Pathology DOI:10.1038/s41379-020-00670-0

Authors: Andres M. Acosta, Elizabeth G. Demicco, Paola Dal Cin, Michelle S. Hirsch, Christopher D. M. Fletcher & Vickie Y. Jo

22 COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF ALK-INHIBITORS IN ALK INHIBITOR-NAIVE ALK+ LUNG CANCER BRAIN METASTASES: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS

Lung cancer has been the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) displays an array of molecular abnormalities most commonly involving ALK and EGFR pathways. NSCLC with ALK rearrangements comprises around 5% of cases. Over the years, several ALK inhibitors (ALKI) have been approved with notable activity in brain metastases. However, there have been limited comparative studies exploring their relative efficacies. This analysis was conducted to compare the relative efficacy of ALKIs against ALKI-naïve ALK+ lung cancer brain metastases.This network meta-analysis is the first to compare and rank ALKIs used in treating metastatic ALK+ lung cancer. It indicates that BRG, CER, and ALC are better therapeutic options for patients with ALK-naive ALK+ lung cancer brain metastases when compared to CRZ. READ ARTICLE

Neuro-oncology Advances DOI:10.1093/noajnl/vdaa073.012

Authors: Philip Haddad, Dalia Hammoud, Kevin Gallagher

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithSeptember 4, 2020Non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC, ALK, EGFR

EGFR mutations and ROS1 and ALK rearrangements in a large series of non-small cell lung cancer in South India

Aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, ALK and ROS1 rearrangements and their association with age and gender in non-small cell lung cancer reported from a tertiary care center in South India. The study found EGFR mutations are more common than ALK and ROS1 rearrangements. They are more common in females. Patients less than 36 years have reduced frequency of EGFR mutations. Exon 19 deletion and L858R are most common and are more prevalent in lung adenocarcinomas. Rare EGFR mutations are seen in patients aged more than 50 years. READ ARTICLE

Cancer Reports DOI:10.1002/cnr2.1288

Authors: Anil Tarigopula, Gayathri Ramasubban, Vani Chandrashekar, Perumal Govindasami, hitra Chandran

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithSeptember 3, 2020ALK, EGFR, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ROS1

Expression Profiling of Driver Genes in Female Never-smokers With Non-adenocarcinoma Non–small-cell Lung Cancer in China

Background: Although smoking is a primary cause of lung cancer, females are overrepresented among never-smokers with the disease. The mutational landscape of adenocarcinoma in never-smoking females has been extensively profiled; however, there is little knowledge about genomic alterations in non-adenocarcinoma non–small-cell lung cancer (NA-NSCLC). In the study, we reviewed the status of oncogenic drivers of NA-NSCLC in these populations... Conclusion: Female never-smokers with NA-NSCLC in this study had a high frequency of currently known or potentially actionable oncogenic alterations and could benefit from targeted therapy. Our study also provides evidence for the recommendation of molecular analysis in never-smoking female SQCC. READ ARTICLE

Clinical Lung Cancer DOI:10.1016/j.cllc.2020.02.005

Authors: Yiming Zhao, Yu Dong, Ruiying Zhao, Bo Zhang, Shuyuan Wang, Lele Zhang, Minjuan Hu, Qingnan He, Wei Zhang, Baohui Han

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithSeptember 1, 2020Driver gener, Female, Genome, Never-smokers, Non-small cell lung cancer

Efficacy of Incremental Next-Generation ALK Inhibitor Treatment in Oncogene-Addicted, ALK-Positive, TP53-Mutant NSCLC

Background: The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusion rearrangement is a potent oncogene, accounting for 2–7% of lung adenocarcinomas, with higher incidence (17–20%) in non-smokers. ALK-positive tumors are sensitive to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), thus ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently spearheading precision medicine in thoracic oncology, with three generations of approved ALK inhibitors in clinical practice. However, these treatments are eventually met with resistance. At the molecular level, ALK-positive NSCLC is of the lowest tumor mutational burden, which possibly accounts for the high initial response to TKIs. Nevertheless, TP53 co-mutations are relatively frequent and are associated with adverse outcome of crizotinib treatment, whereas utility of next-generation ALK inhibitors in TP53-mutant tumors is still unknown. Methods: We report the case of an ALK-positive, TP53-mutant NSCLC patient with about five years survival on ALK TKIs with ..... READ ARTICLE

Journal of Personalized Medicine DOI:10.3390/jpm10030107

Authors: László Urbán, Róbert Dóczi, Barbara Vodicska, Dóra Kormos, László Tóth, István Takács, Edit Várkondi, Dóra Tihanyi,Dóra Lakatos, Anna Dirner, István Vályi-Nagy, István Peták

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithAugust 28, 2020NSCLC, ALK rearrangement, TP53 mutation, TKI, personalized treatment

Association of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression with Fusion Variants and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma Receiving Crizotinib

Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is associated with clinical outcomes of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, whether PD-L1 expression plays a role in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive lung ADC is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PD-L1 in patients with ALK-positive lung ADC receiving crizotinib. Conclusion: Positive PD-L1 expression was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with ALK-positive lung ADC receiving crizotinib. READ ARTICLE

The Oncologist DOI:10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0088

Authors: Yang CY, Liao WY, Ho CC, Chen KY, Tsai TH, Hsu CL, Liu YN, Su KY, Chang YL, Wu CT, Liao BC, Hsu CC, Hsu WH, Lee JH, Lin CC, Shih JY, Yang JC, Yu CJ.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Brigatinib in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Cancer

Brigatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved in multiple countries for the treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who have progressed on or are intolerant to crizotinib. We report a population pharmacokinetic model-based analysis for brigatinib.Plasma concentration–time data were collected from 442 participants (105 healthy volunteers and 337 patients with cancer) who received single or multiple doses of oral brigatinib in one of five trials. Data were analyzed using non-linear mixed-efects modeling (NONMEM software version 7.3).The result shows brigatinib plasma concentrations were best described by a three compartment model with a transit compartment input (number of transit compartments=2.35; mean transit time=0.9 h). The fnal model included albumin as a covariate on apparent clearance. None of the additional covariates examined, including sex, age, race, body weight, mild or moderate renal impairment, total b..... READ ARTICLE

SpringerLink DOI:10.1007/s40262-020-00929-4

Authors: Neeraj Gupta, Xiaohui Wang, Elliot Ofman, Marita Prohn, Narayana Narasimhan, David Kerstein. Michael J. Hanley, Karthik Venkatakrishnan

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithAugust 20, 2020

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement may increase the incidence of venous thromboembolism by increasing tissue factor expression in advanced lung adenocarcinoma

Background Patients with lung cancer are at an increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Approximately 8–15% of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) experience a VTE throughout the course of the disease. However, the incidence of VTE in different NSCLC molecular subtypes is rarely reported, although there are significant differences in clinical feature and prognosis. Tissue factor (TF) expressed in many solid tumors could trigger the downstream coagulation cascade and lead to thrombin generation and clot formation. Results: At a median follow up of 2.5 years, 5.85% (n=30/513) patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma experienced VTE. Compared to patients with EGFR mutation (n=11/218, 5.05%) or both negative (n=13/266, 4.89%), patients with ALK-rearrangement were more likely to develop VTE (n=6/29, 20.69%; P=0.006, P=0.004; respectively). In ALK-rearrangement-positive tissues, 41.67% (n=10/24) had a high TF protein expression; the incidence was significantly..... READ ARTICLE

Annals of Translational Medicine DOI:10.21037/atm-20-6619

Authors: Yang S, Yang L, Wu Y, Zhang C, Wang S, Ma N, Wang L, Wang

Oncogene-specific differences in tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 expression, and outcomes from immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients bearing targetable oncogene alterations typically derive limited benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which has been attributed to low tumor mutation burden (TMB) and/or PD-L1 levels. We investigated oncogene-specific differences in these markers and clinical outcome.
We concluded that high TMB and PD-L1 expression are predictive for benefit from ICB treatment in oncogene-driven NSCLCs. NSCLC harboring BRAF mutations demonstrated superior benefit from ICB that may be attributed to higher TMB and higher PD-L1 expression in these tumors. Meanwhile EGFR and HER2 mutations and ALK, ROS1, RET, and MET fusions define NSCLC subsets with minimal benefit from ICB despite high PD-L1 expression in NSCLC harboring oncogene fusions. These findings indicate a TMB/PD-L1-independent impact on sensitivity to ICB for certain oncogene alterations. READ ARTICLE

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer DOI:10.1136/jitc-2021-002891

Authors: Marcelo V Negrao, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Meagan Montesion, Katja Schulze, Ilze Bara, Vincent Shen, Hao Xu, Sylvia Hu, Dawen Sui, Yasir Y Elamin, Xiuning Le, Michael E Goldberg, Karthikeyan Murugesan, Chang-Jiun Wu, Jianhua Zhang, David S Barreto, Jacqulyne P Robichaux, Alexandre Reuben, Tina Cascone, Carl M Gay, Kyle G Mitchell, Lingzhi Hong, Waree Rinsurongkawong, Jack A Roth, Stephen G Swisher, Jack Lee, Anne Tsao, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, Don L Gibbons, Bonnie S Glisson, Gaurav Singal, Vincent A Miller, Brian Alexander, Garrett Frampton, Lee A Albacker, David Shames, Jianjun Zhang, and John V Heymach

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithAugust 10, 2020immunotherapy, lung neoplasms, tumor biomarker

Intracranial disease control for EGFR-mutant and ALK-rearranged lung cancer with large volume or symptomatic brain metastases

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are commonly employed for patients with brain metastases from lung
cancer and specific driver mutations. We sought to identify the correlation between intracranial tumor
burden and outcomes in patients with brain metastases treated with TKIs.... Most patients receiving TKIs
as part of their initial therapy achieve an early and durable volumetric intracranial response, irrespective of
presenting disease burden or neurologic symptoms. READ ARTICLE

Journal of Neuro-Oncology volume DOI:10.1007/s11060-020-03615-4

Authors: Sunil W. Dutta, Marie L. Mack, Eric Aliotta, Kristin A. Ward, Donald A. Muller, James M. Larner, Camilo E. Fadul, Richard D. Hall, Ryan D. Gentzler, Jason P. Sheehan

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithAugust 9, 2020TKI, Radiation, Brain metastases, NSCLC

Abstract CT025: Impact of the EML4-ALK fusion variant on the efficacy of lorlatinib in patients (pts) with ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

In this heavily pretreated group of ALK+ NSCLC pts, the presence of an ALK resistance mutation might enrich for EML4-ALK variants 1 and 3. Lorlatinib exhibited antitumor activity irrespective of EML4-ALK variant and across a variety of ALK resistance mutations. READ ARTICLE

AACR abstract. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2020-CT025

Authors: Todd M. Bauer, Jean-François Martini, Benjamin Besse, Chia-Chi Lin, Ross A. Soo, Gregory J. Riely, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Francesca Toffalorio, Antonello Abbattista, Holger Thurm, D. Ross Camidge, Steven Kao, Rita Chiari, Shirish Gadgeel, Enriqueta Felip, Alice T. Shaw, Benjamin J. Solomon

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithAugust 1, 2020lorlatinib, ALK variants

Retrospective Observational Study of ALK-Inhibitor Therapy Sequencing and Outcomes in Patients with ALK-Positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Data are sparse concerning the sequential use of multiple anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors for ALK-positive locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).This study investigated sequencing and outcomes among patients receiving multiple ALK inhibitors.This study provides initial information on real-world treatment patterns following the introduction of new ALK inhibitors, and supports the use of sequential ALK therapies. READ ARTICLE

Drugs - Real World Outcomes DOI:10.1007/s40801-020-00207-6

Authors: David M. Waterhouse, Janet L. Espirito, Marc D. Chioda, Bismark Baidoo, Jack Mardekian, Nicholas J. Robert, Elizabeth T. Masters

The Relationship Between Primary Tumor Localization and Driver Mutation in Lung Cancer

Driver mutations are detected in 30–35% of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, andmutation discordance may occur between biopsies. Therefore, false negative results for a driver mutation are reportedin some patients who may need rebiopsy. We aim to determine a clinicopathological feature (especially tumor localization), other than smoking and gender, that predicts driver mutation in metastatic non-squamous NSCLC.Methods: A total of 75 patients with driver mutation reports were included in the study. The age, gender, smokingstatus, pathology, primary tumor location, and mutation of each patient were evaluated. The relationship between theclinicopathological features and driver mutations was analyzed.Results: The median age of the patients was 66 (range: 36–85); 55 (73%) of the patients were male. A driver mutationwas detected in 23 (30.7%) patients. The rates of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 were 22.7%, 6.7%, and 1.3%, respectively. Drivermutations were more commonly found in ..... READ ARTICLE

EJMO DOI:10.14744/ejmo.2020.13543

Authors: Cengiz Karacin, Tulay Eren, Goksen Inanc Imamoglu, Sema Turker, Fevzi Coskun Sokmen, Mustafa Altinbas

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithJuly 16, 2020ALK-positive, smoking, non-smoking

Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of the EML4-ALK Translocation and IGFR1, TTF1, Napsin A Expression in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma

Objective: Patients with lung adenocarcinoma who harbor ALK gene rearrangements can demonstrate significant clinical benefit with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGFR1) is a cellular membrane receptor that is overexpressed in many tumors. It plays an important role in cancer progression and is associated with increased postoperative recurrence and poorer disease-free survival. The aim of this study was to determine the EML4-ALK mutation and IGFR1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and analyze their prognostic value. Conclusion: A solid signet-ring cell pattern or mucinous cribriform pattern was present at least focally in all ALK-positive tumors, consistently with the literature. In addition, IGFR1 expression levels showed an increase in the EML4-ALK-mutated cases in our series, but the clinical significance of this finding should be supported by larger series and survival analysis. Our findings show that IGFR1 expression may be useful as a poor p..... READ ARTICLE

Turkish Journal of Pathology DOI:10.5146/tjpath.2020.01503

Authors: Pınar Bulutay, Nalan AkyÜrek, Leyla MemiŞ

Real-World OutcomesKirk SmithJuly 13, 2020EML4-ALK, IGFR1, TTF1, Napsin A

Real world experience of treatment and outcome in ALK-rearranged metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer: A multicenter study from India

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearranged metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises 5%-7% of all lung cancer and carries a good prognosis with available ALK-inhibitors. Majority of registration trials in ALK-inhibitors did not include Indian patients. Hence, this study was planned to analyze the outcome of Indian patients treated with ALK-inhibitors and associated challenges. Results: A total of 274 patients were studied, out of which 250 patients received ALK inhibitor and were analyzed further for outcome. The median age was 50 years (range: 24-82) and male to female ratio of 1.17:1. ALK was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in majority of patients (97%), 3 patients by FISH and 3 more patients were evaluated by both methods. Sixty-five percent (n = 162) of the patients received ALK-inhibitor as first line therapy, 51 patients received ALK-inhibitor as switch maintenance therapy after initial chemotherapy. Crizotinib and Ceritinib were used in 88% and 12%,..... READ ARTICLE

Cancer DOI:10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2020.100571.

Authors: Amol Patel, Ullas Batra, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Deepak Dabkara, Joydeep Ghosh, Manasi Sharma, Navneet Singh, P. Suresh, Parveen Jain, Prabhat Singh Malik, Priyanshu Choudhary, Sandip Ganguly, Sachin Khurana, Shivashankara MS, Sneha Bothra, Valliappan Muthu, Bivas Biswas,

Detection of Nonreciprocal/Reciprocal ALK Translocation as Poor Predictive Marker in Patients With First-Line Crizotinib-Treated ALK-Rearranged NSCLC

Introduction: During nonreciprocal/reciprocal translocation process, 5′-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) sometimes gets retained in the genome and is detectable by next-generation sequencing; however, no study has investigated its clinical significance. Our study aimed to assess the impact of harboring 5′-ALK on the efficacy of crizotinib. Conclusions: Presence of nonreciprocal/reciprocal ALK translocation was predictive for worse PFS and greater likelihood of baseline brain metastases in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC who received first-line crizotinib. READ ARTICLE

Journal of Thoracic Oncology DOI:10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.007

Authors: Yongchang Zhang, Liang Zeng, Chunhua Zhou, Yizhi Li, Lin Wu, Chen Xia, Wenjuan Jiang, Yijuan Hu, Dehua Liao, Lili Xiao, Li Liu, Haiyan Yang, Yi Xiong, Rui Guan, Analyn Lizaso, Aaron S. Mansfield, Nong Yang

Advances in Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Targeted Therapy

KEY POINTS:
Most epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC (exon 19 del and L858R) should be
initially treated with osimertinib.
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion-positive NSCLC should be initially treated with alectinib,
brigatinib, or ceritinib; however, tolerability issues limit the use of ceritinib.
ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC should be initially treated with entrectinib over crizotinib given central
nervous system activity.
BRAF V600E-mutated NSCLC should be initially treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib.
Neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase fusion-positive NSCLC should be initially treated with
entrectinib or larotrectinib.
Patients with HER2 or EGFR exon 20 insertions, RET fusions, NRG1 fusions, MET amplification and
exon 14 skipping mutations, and KRAS G12C mutations should be initially treated with standard-ofcare chemoimmunotherapy; however, there are targeted therapies under investigation showing
promise. READ ARTICLE

Clinics in Chest Medicine DOI:10.1016/j.ccm.2020.02.003

Authors: Nicholas P. Giustini, Ah-Reum Jeong, James Buturla, Lyudmila Bazhenova

Radiomic prediction of mutation status based on MR imaging of lung cancer brain metastases

Lung cancer metastases comprise most of all brain metastases in adults and most brain metastases are diagnosed by magnetic resonance (MR) scans. The purpose of this study was to conduct an MR imaging-based radiomic analysis of brain metastatic lesions from patients with primary lung cancer to classify mutational status of the metastatic disease. We retrospectively identified lung cancer patients with brain metastases treated at our institution between 2009 and 2017 who underwent genotype testing of their primary lung cancer. Brain MR Images were used for segmentation of enhancing tumors and peritumoral edema, and for radiomic feature extraction. The most relevant radiomic features were identified and used with clinical data to train random forest classifiers to classify the mutation status. Of 110 patients in the study cohort (mean age 57.51 ± 12.32 years; M: F = 37:73), 75 had an EGFR mutation, 21 had an ALK translocation, and 15 had a KRAS mutation. One patient had both ALK transloca..... READ ARTICLE

Magnetic Resonance Imaging DOI:10.1016/j.mri.2020.03.002

Authors: Bihong T. Chen, Taihao Jin, Ningrong Ye, Isa Mambetsariev, Ebenezer Daniel, Tao Wang, Chi Wah Wong, Russell C. Rockne, Rivka Colen, Andrei