Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer. Some 80% of all lung cancers are lung adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and large cell carcinomas, which are grouped as non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The recent application of oncogenomics to NSCLCs has led to a radical change in the treatment of patients with advanced disease. Starting from the recognition of recurrent mutations in the tumor, new molecularly targeted therapies have been developed that have improved the outcomes of therapy for tailored subsets of patients with genetically homogeneous tumors. Roughly 45% of the mutations in NSCLC are point mutations involving the KRAS, EGFR, and BRAF genes; minor mutations giving rise to NSCLC consist of gene fusions that act as driver mutations in about 8% of cancers and involve the ALK, ROS1, and RET genes. While standard platinum-based chemotherapy remains the gold standard of treatment for NSCLCs without any targetable mutation, targeted tyrosine kinase inhibito..... READ ARTICLE
Oncogenomics DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-811785-9.00031-4
Authors: Raffaele Palmirotta, Davide Quaresmini, Domenica Lovero, Francesco Mannavola, Franco Dammacco, Franco Silvestris